World Hepatitis Day 2023: Hepatitis C and Digestive Problems Link and Management Tips

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver, but its effects often extend beyond this vital organ. While the liver is the main target of the virus, hepatitis C can also lead to various digestive problems that affect the gastrointestinal system and overall digestive health. The effects of this insidious virus extend beyond the liver and affect various aspects of a person's health, including the digestive system. Digestive problems are common in people with hepatitis C and result in a range of symptoms that can significantly affect daily life and overall well-being. In this article, Dr. Mangesh Keshavrao Borkar, Consultant - Medical Gastroenterologist at Manipal Hsopital, Kharadi elucidate the link between hepatitis C and digestive health and how it can be effectively managed.

Digestive problems associated with hepatitis C

• Nausea and vomiting in Hepatitis C can disrupt the normal function of the liver, leading to a buildup of toxins in the bloodstream. These toxins can trigger nausea and vomiting, making it difficult for sufferers to maintain a regular diet and affecting their overall quality of life.
• Loss of appetite and weight loss can lead to digestive problems such as nausea, vomiting, and altered metabolism due to liver dysfunction. As a result, it may be difficult for people with hepatitis C to consume adequate nutrients, leading to unintentional weight loss and malnutrition.
• Abdominal pain and discomfort Inflammation of the liver and possible liver enlargement can cause abdominal pain and discomfort. This pain can be mild to severe and persistent or intermittent, affecting daily activities and overall well-being.
• Bloating and flatulence can cause liver dysfunction and affect the production of bile, a digestive fluid needed to break down fats. As a result, people with hepatitis C may experience bloating and excessive gas, making them feel uncomfortable and bloated.
• Diarrhoea or constipation in Hepatitis C can disrupt the balance of intestinal bacteria and affect intestinal motility, leading to changes in bowel habits. Some people experience diarrhoea, while others experience constipation. Both can be very distressing and affect digestive health.

In advanced cases of hepatitis C with cirrhosis, portal hypertension (increased pressure in the blood vessels of the liver) can lead to esophageal varices. These are enlarged veins in the oesophagus that are prone to bleeding and are a serious and potentially life-threatening complication.

Managing Digestive Problems with Hepatitis C:

• Antiviral therapy is the Primary treatment for hepatitis C and includes antiviral medications aimed at suppressing the virus, reducing liver inflammation, and preventing further liver damage. Successful antiviral therapy can improve liver function and, over time, relieve some digestive symptoms.
• Dietary changes like healthy and balanced diet are critical for people with hepatitis C. A liver-friendly, low-fat, nutrient-dense diet can help manage digestive problems and support liver health.
• Symptomatic relief with over-the-counter medications can provide symptomatic relief from digestive problems such as nausea, bloating, and diarrhoea. However, it is important to consult a physician before taking any medication, as it may interact with other hepatitis C treatments.
• Lifestyle changes such as abstaining from alcohol and illicit drugs, regular exercise, and adequate rest, can help liver function.

It is important to remember that hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver, but its effects can extend to various digestive problems. Nausea, abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits are among the common digestive problems experienced by people with hepatitis C. It is important for affected individuals to see a doctor, undergo antiviral therapy, and maintain a healthy lifestyle to manage digestive symptoms and protect liver health. Early diagnosis, timely treatment, and a holistic approach to treatment can greatly improve the overall well-being and quality of life of people living with hepatitis C and digestive problems.