Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which also cause leprosy). TB (tuberculosis) is called a serious chronic condition that mainly affects the lungs. There are several types of TB's, and one of them also occurs in the genitalia (which is known as genital tuberculosis).
- Genital TB is a form of the disease that mainly affects the female genitals- Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, Uterus, Cervix and surrounding lymph in the vagina or pelvis. In men, it can affect the prostate gland and testicles. Moreover, both in men and women, the kidneys and urinary bladder can also be affected.
- Tuberculosis is usually a result of infection spreading to other parts of the body, most commonly in the lungs. Tuberculosis mainly affects women during childbirth and can sometimes be the leading cause of infertility.
Early symptoms of genital tuberculosis
Genital tuberculosis or genital TB is difficult to detect in the initial stage. A high index of suspicion is required to investigate this condition, which is necessary to take seriously in the following situations:
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- Inability to conceive for the first time
- History of genital tuberculosis in the family
- Always tired
- Low-grade fever
- Lower abdominal discomfort or pain
- A condition involving vaginal discharge and menstrual irregularities should be investigated thoroughly.
How is genital TB diagnosed?
A tuberculin skin test can be performed to detect the presence of TB (anywhere) in the body. Besides, it is easy to detect via chest x-ray, pelvic ultrasound scan, endometrial treatment, cervical smear examination, analysis of menstrual blood and laparoscopic or endoscopic examination of the genital organs.
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How is genital TB treated?
- Treatment of genital TB is given in 2 stages.
- Initial therapy for 2 months with at least 3 anti-TB medications
- Continuous treatment with at least 2 anti-TB medications for 4–10 months.
This rarely happens, requiring surgical treatment of the affected genital parts. It is important to ensure that you follow the instructions accurately during treatment. All medicines prescribed for a (prescribed) duration should be taken regularly, to prevent the development of MDR-TB (Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis).
Genital tuberculosis prevention
- Unfortunately, infertility rates remain high even after completing treatment for genital TB. Genital TB can only be prevented by ensuring that no other part of the body is affected by TB. This means that women should be cautious against lung TB even at an early age. Since the drops extracted during cough and sneezing spread TB.
- The BCG vaccine should be mandated for all infants, and those coming from areas endemic for TB should undergo screening for the condition.
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