Mastering GERD Management: Expert Lists Tips for Dietary and Lifestyle Changes

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) can be a persistent and uncomfortable condition, demanding a careful reevaluation of both dietary choices and lifestyle habits. It can cause heartburn, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, and more. We spoke to our expert Dr Harsh Kapoor, Chairman (Pan Metro), Institute of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, GI Surgery and Liver Transplant, Metro Hospitals, who listed tips to manage this chronic health condition.

According to the guidelines provided by the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), GERD is described as the presence of symptoms or complications arising from the backward flow of stomach contents into the oesophagus, extending beyond it, potentially reaching the oral cavity, including the larynx, or even the lungs.

Expert Tips To Manage GERD

Dietary Modifications

• Oily and Spicy Foods: “Limit the consumption of oily and spicy foods, as they can weaken the lower oesophagal sphincter tone (responsible for preventing the backflow of stomach contents into the oesophagus) and increase reflux”, said Dr Kapoor.
• Carbonated Drinks: Dr Kapoor added, “Reduce the intake of carbonated drinks, as they have a similar effect on the lower oesophagal sphincter, leading to increased reflux.”
• Aspirin and Acidic Medications: Dr Kapoor advised, “Avoiding aspirin and acidic medications that may stick in the oesophagus, potentially causing ulcers and irritation.”
• Large Meals: You should opt for smaller and more frequent meals to prevent decreased oesophageal sphincter tone and minimise the risk of reflux.
• Prolonged Meals and Reflux Time: Minimise the duration of meals and the time food spends in the stomach, reducing the risk of reflux.

Medications Lowering Lower Esophageal Sphincter Tone

“You should discontinue medications that reduce the tone of the lower oesophagal sphincter, such as calcium channel blockers”, said Dr Kapoor.

Also Read: Stress And Digestion: Expert Explains The Connection And How To Manage It

Lifestyle Adjustments

Dr Kapoor listed lifestyle adjustments that one should follow to manage GERD as follows:

• Post-Meal Activity: “After eating, refrain from lying down on a bed for at least two hours, as this can increase gastroesophageal reflux”, said Dr Kapoor.
• Diabetes Management: Dr Kapoor highlighted, “Maintaining well-controlled blood sugar levels in diabetes to prevent delayed gastric emptying, thus reducing the chances of reflux.”
• Clothing Choices: Be mindful of wearing tight clothing around the waist, as this can create negative pressure and exacerbate reflux.
• Smoking and Alcohol: Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption, as they can weaken the lower oesophagal sphincter, contributing to reflux.

Saliva Substitution

“If you experience a lack of saliva, consider using small sips of water or lozenges to neutralise acidic contents, as saliva normally does”, said Dr Kapoor.

Also Read: Dealing With Stomach Flu? Expert Lists Signs, Complications, And Treatment Of Viral Gastroenteritis

Caustic Liquid Ingestion

Dr Kapoor added, “Exercise extreme caution to prevent accidental ingestion of caustic or corrosive liquids, which can lead to severe damage to the distal oesophagus.”

Specific Food Items

• Raw Onion and Raw Tomatoes: Avoid raw onion and raw tomatoes, as they may aggravate GERD symptoms.
• Drinking Water with Meals: Refrain from drinking excessive water during meals to minimise gas formation and reduce reflux.
• Chewing Gum: Avoid chewing gum, as it can cause aerophagia, contributing to gastroesophageal reflux.
• Proper Hydration: Aim to consume 8-10 glasses of water daily but avoid drinking them with meals to prevent air buildup and increased reflux.

Bottomline

Dr Kapoor concluded, “Managing GERD requires a proactive approach that involves making significant changes to dietary and lifestyle choices. By following the recommended guidelines and avoiding the listed behaviours and habits, individuals can better control their symptoms and minimise the risk of complications associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease.”

[Disclaimer: The information in this article is provided by a registered healthcare professional and is for informational purposes only. Therefore, do not substitute this information with medical treatment. Consult your expert for a management plan tailored to your needs and medical history.]